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What does Habeas Corpus ensure?

  1. Right to free speech

  2. Right to challenge unlawful detention

  3. Right to bear arms

  4. Right to a fair trial

The correct answer is: Right to challenge unlawful detention

Habeas Corpus is a legal principle that guarantees an individual's right to challenge the lawfulness of their detention or imprisonment before a court of law. This means that people cannot be imprisoned or detained without a lawful reason and they have the right to challenge their detention through a legal process. Option A is incorrect because the right to free speech is protected under the First Amendment of the United States Constitution. Option C is incorrect because the right to bear arms is protected under the Second Amendment. Option D is incorrect because the right to a fair trial is protected under the Sixth Amendment. None of these options address the specific protection of Habeas Corpus.