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What must the government do if it loses a confidence vote in the assembly?

  1. Call for new elections

  2. Resign

  3. Request a royal pardon

  4. Form a coalition

The correct answer is: Resign

If the government loses a confidence vote in the assembly, it is expected to resign. This is because a confidence vote signifies a lack of support from the assembly, and therefore the government is no longer seen as having the mandate to govern. Calling for new elections (option A) may occur after the government has resigned, but it is not the immediate action that must be taken. Requesting a royal pardon (option C) is not a relevant or logical response to losing a confidence vote. Forming a coalition (option D) may be a possible outcome if the government decides to try and regain support from the assembly, but it is not the first step that must be taken. The most appropriate action for the government to take in this scenario would be to resign.